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The character of amino acid’s changes in blood and urine at athletes-swimmers under the stres


Author: Garaeva Olga
Degree:doctor of biology
Speciality: 03.00.13 - Human and animal physiology
Year:2009
Scientific adviser: Valentina Ciochină
doctor, associate professor (docent), Institute of Physiology and Sanacreatology of the ASM
Scientific consultant: Teodor Furdui
doctor habilitat, professor, Institute of Physiology and Sanacreatology of the ASM
Institution:
Scientific council:

Status

The thesis was presented on the 13 February, 2009
Approved by NCAA on the 23 April, 2009

Abstract

Adobe PDF document0.47 Mb / in romanian
Adobe PDF document0.51 Mb / in russian

Keywords

stress, stress of competitions, adaptation, free amino acids, plasma, erythrocyte, urine, nitrogen metabolism, catabolism, anabolism, physical exercises, overtraining

Summary

The given thesis is presented at 117 pages of typescript and contains introduction, literature review, description of materials and methods of research, 3 subchapters of proper experimental results and their discussion, conclusions, practical recommendations, bibliography which contains 341 of literary sources. The thesis includes 15 figures and 16 tables.

It was researched the character of changes of free amino acids and final products of nitrogen metabolism in blood and urine at athletes-swimmers under the stress, caused by physical exercises and stress of competitions. It was selected healthy young men in age of 15-18 for the research: 17 which doesn’t practice sport were for us a control group and 17 professional athletes which practice swimming. The researches were made at swimmers of complex style of swimming, being under the same conditions of physical exercises during the period of training before competitions and also during the period of sport’s competitions of republican importance. The sport’s competitions of republican importance were a model of emotional stress for us.

The aminograms of plasma and erythrocytes in a quiescent state at a non-trained men and athletes are different. The total content of free amino acids is decreased at athletes in comparison with non-trained men both in blood plasma and in erythrocytes: in plasma mostly cause of essential amino acids, but in erythrocytes mostly cause of both substitutional and essential amino acids. It was revealed 3 specific groups of swimmers under the stress influence, caused by physical exercises: 1st group is characterized with decrease of free amino acids content both in erythrocytes and plasma; 2nd group is characterized with decrease of free amino acids content in erythrocytes and increase of it in plasma; 3rd group – the free amino acid’s concentration doesn’t change sufficiently not in erythrocytes nor in plasma.

The comparative analysis of changes of amino acid’s content and final products of nitrogen metabolism in blood and urine revealed that the changes had common, nonspecific, stressogen character at athletes under the stress, caused by physical exercises – decrease or the tendency to decrease in erythrocytes, but the indicates of nitrogen metabolism in plasma had specific character for each group of athletes.

It was revealed that at athletes was intensified stressogen character of free amino acid’s content decreasing in erythrocytes under the stress, caused by sport competitions, including emotional component, but modifications of free amino acids in plasma saved specific character for each group of athletes.

The final products of nitrogen metabolism in blood plasma undergo nonspecific changes of stressogen character under the stress influence cause by sport competitions – the content of final products was increased or had a tendency to increase at athletes in each group, but at the same time their quantitative content didn’t modify in erythrocytes.

The decreasing of free amino acids excretion and final products of nitrogen metabolism at athletes from 1st and 2nd group was provoked by stress caused by sport competitions in contrast to stress caused by physical exercises, but at 3rd group the total content of free amino acids also didn’t change sufficiently.

The changes of amino acid’s content had mostly stressogen character in erythrocytes under the stress caused both by physical exercises and sport competitions, but in plasma – it had specified character.

The increasing of oxidized glutathione’s content under the stress of physical exercises and sport competitions can be used as the marker of the stress state in erythrocytes, also the decreasing of glutamine concentration under the stress of sport competitions can be used as the marker of the emotional component of the stress state in erythrocytes.