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The perfection of the gender equality regulation in the sphere of employment in the Republic of Moldova


Author: Colesnicova Tatiana
Degree:doctor of economics
Speciality: 08.00.05 - Economy and Management (in branch)
Year:2011
Scientific adviser: Anatol Rojco
doctor, associate professor (docent), National Institute For Economic Research
Institution: National Institute For Economic Research

Status

The thesis was presented on the 26 August, 2011
Approved by NCAA on the 5 October, 2011

Abstract

Adobe PDF document – 0.30 Mb / in romanian
Adobe PDF document – 0.33 Mb / in russian

Keywords

gender equality, gender segregation, gender discrimination, human capital, regression analysis, employment, informal employment, women's entrepreneurship, gender audit

Summary

Thesis structure: introduction, three chapters, conclusions and recommendations, bibliography of 182 sources, 19 annexes, 133 pages of main text, 13 tables, 12 figures and 8 formulas. The obtained results were published in 12 scientific papers.

Keywords: gender equality, gender segregation, gender discrimination, human capital, regression analysis, employment, informal employment, women's entrepreneurship, gender audit. The area of study: the sphere of employment. The purpose and the thesis objectives: to elaborate practical recommendations for improving regulation of gender equality in the sphere of employment in Moldova on the basis of the complex analysis of this sphere, as well as assess the extent of gender inequality and the impact of the state policy. Scientific novelty and originality: the calculation of horizontal and vertical gender segregation on the basis of the worldly used methods was performed; the methodology of regression analysis to assess the impact of human capital on the amount of wages between men and women in Moldova was elaborated and implemented; the existence of gender discrimination in wages was confirmed and its extent was estimated, using the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method; the housework cost for the employed Moldavian men and women was evaluated; the econometric model which establish the link between social and economic factors and the probability for men and women of the Republic of Moldova to be employed was developed and implemented; the gender audit methodology for enterprise using statistical and econometric methods was developed and implemented. The originality of the thesis is in the using of the new information sources: our own social research and statistical data from the sample survey of households on employment and unemployment (Labour Force Survey). The theoretical significance. The different approaches, which exist in economic theory regarding the causes of gender inequality in employment, were summarized. The theoretical evaluation of social policies models to reduce gender inequality was performed. A methodology for the complex analysis of employment from a gender aspect was elaborated. The basic directions of regulation policy of gender equality in employment in the Republic of Moldova were motivated. Applied value. Using the developed econometric model, there were calculated: the extent of gender wage discrimination; measure of the influence of human capital to the amount of wages between men and women; relationship between different socio-economic factors and the probability to be employed for men and women in the Republic of Moldova. The recommendations for improving the policy of gender equality in employment across the country were elaborated. The importance of the said scientific problem in the area of research is in the motivation of policies and in development of practical recommendations to improve the regulation of the gender equality in employment. The research revealed the existing gender disproportions in employment that influence negatively on the efficiency in the use of the working potential in the Republic of Moldova. The research showed that the current situation in the gender employment does not fully correspond to the international treaties ratified by the Republic of Moldova. The implementation of scientific results is confirmed by the certificates of implementation from the Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Moldova, the joint-stock company "Moldtelecom", the National Art Museum of Moldova and the limited liability company "IMC Market".