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Growth and fruition of apple-trees depending on variety and way of planting


Author: Teodor Boţan
Degree:doctor of agriculture
Speciality: 06.01.07 - Fruit Production
Year:2005
Scientific adviser: Gheorghe Cimpoieş
doctor habilitat, professor, Agrarian State University of Moldova
Institution:
Scientific council:

Status

The thesis was presented on the 3 November, 2005
Approved by NCAA on the 22 December, 2005

Abstract

Adobe PDF document – 0.17 Mb / in romanian

Keywords

apple-tree, variety, structure of the plantations, slender spindle, bush-like crown, growth, photosynthetic activity, light regime, fruition

Summary

This research was carried out in 1995-1997 in a test garden. The garden was planted in 1986 with one-year apple saplings of the varieties Goldspur, and Wagener Premiat engrafted upon MM106 winding, and Idared, Golden Delicious, Mantuaner being engrafted upon M9 winding, all of them positioned according to the scheme 2.5/1.0. The trees were annually cut so that they were not taller than 1.5 metres, or 1.75 and 2 metres from the surface of the ground. The trees had the shape of a bush-like crown with 3, 4 and 5 skeletal branches. The variety Goldspur served as the control mark, the trees being engrafted upon MM106 winding, planted according to the scheme of 4.0 metres/1.5 metres, and being slim spindle-shaped.

The experimental data is provided under the following headings: basic growth and fruition parameters, light regime, absorption of solar radiation, effectiveness of photosynthetic active radiation, basic photosynthetic activity parameters, and production output.

It has been established, that the volume of leaves of bush-like crown trees almost reaches the optimal level, and are rationally positioned so that they assure a more favourable light regime. They also absorb more solar radiation and use more effectively the photosynthetic active radiation which has a positive impact on the production process, including the crop volume, unlike the slim spindle-shape trees. The bush-shaped two-metre-tall trees with five skeletal branches proved to be the most effective and economical in terms of energy.