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Trăsăturile structural – semantice ale subiectului în limba română


Author: Angela Ciumac
Degree:doctor of philology
Speciality: 10.02.01 - Romanian Language
Year:2005
Scientific adviser: Nicolae (decedat) Raevschi
doctor habilitat, associate professor (docent), Institute of Philology
Institution: Institute of Philology

Status

The thesis was presented on the 27 November, 2003
Approved by NCAA on the 22 December, 2005

Abstract

Adobe PDF document – 0.32 Mb / in romanian

Summary

The present paper examines the Subject as the unity of the syntax and researches the semantic possibilities of the subject as well as the modality of the structural feasibility of it at the phrase and sentence level. In this paper the Subject is defined as main and structural-independent part of the bi-member sentence, which indicates the object of speech, thus having the meaning of category of agent or of the indicator of a state, thus indicating to the bearer of the predicative sign.

“Subject” as a notion preserves its universal character, though the achievements of the subject varies from one language to another, because the subject bears a series of divers factors, that is the fact which determined the linguists to formulate the idea of the multi-factor character of the subject. The Subject is studied next to the predicate, both having an inherent relation.

The semantic of the subject is analyzed at the relational level where it can be an agent, patient, addressee, instrument etc. as well as at the predicative level where the subject activity is viewed only in relation with the predicate. The Subject behavior at the relational level of the formulation is mostly determined by the logical-semantic category of the given subject. The predicative level emphasizes the fact that the dynamism or the non-dynamism of the predicative verbs depends on the subject, that is, the subject is the center of the sentence.

Although at the same time, the semantic types of the subject greatly depend on the verb semantic. From the structural point of view, the subject can be expressed and unexpressed. In some cases we can find unexpressive subjects in sentences with no subject at all or in some cases it can be the only semantic part of the sentence (nominative sentences).

At the phrase level the subject is expressed by the subjective sentence.