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Synthesis and regeneration of activated carbons under microwave treatment


Author: Petuhov Oleg
Degree:doctor of chemistry
Speciality: 02.00.04 - Physical chemistry
Year:2018
Scientific adviser: Tudor Lupaşcu
doctor habilitat, professor, Institute of Chemistry of the ASM
Institution: Institute of Chemistry of the ASM

Status

The thesis was presented on the 24 October, 2017
Approved by NCAA on the 11 May, 2018

Abstract

Adobe PDF document – 0.83 Mb / in romanian

Thesis

CZU 661.183.2:537.226 (043.2)

Adobe PDF document 8.37 Mb / in romanian
169 pages

Keywords

microwave, activated carbon, nut shells, adsorption, thermal analysis, mathematic optimization, microbiology, electrical resistance, the kinetics of solid phase, regeneration

Summary

The thesis consists of introduction, four chapters, conclusions and recommendations, bibliography of 227 sources, 3 annexes, 133 pages of basic text, 54 figures and 38 tables. The results were published in 18 scientific papers.

The field of study: Physical chemistry The aim of the work: optimizing the processes of synthesis and regeneration of activated carbons by microwave treatment, as well as assessing their structural parameters. Objectives: studying the microwave interaction mechanism with carbonaceous substances; thermo-chemical analysis of some renewable raw materials (wallnut shells, cherry, peach and plum kernels); investigation of chemical and physico-chemical processes of the charcoal activation by microwave treatment; regeneration of the exhausted activated carbons by microwave treatment; identifying the areas for application of the activated carbons.

Originality and scientific novelty: an original mechanism of heating the carbon materials by microwave treatment has been developed; calculation of the kinetic parameters for the process of activating the walnut shells by phosphoric acid.

The scientific problem solved: it was established the mechanism of activating agent action on biomass; the optimal conditions for the synthesis of activated carbons by microwave treatment were determinined.

Theoretical significance: it was elucidated the influence of structure-property relationship on the ability of carbonaceous substances to interact with microwaves.

Applicative value of the work. The obtained data are intende to be implemented in technological processes for preparing and regeneration of activated carbons by microwaves treatment. Microbiological testing of the adsorbents impregnated with the Enoxil, or silver/selenium nanoparticles, present bactericidal activity that can find applicability in pharmaceutical industry.

Study on hydrogen adsorption allows identification of the course for synthesizing carbon adsorbents with the structure parameters imposed by the current technical requirements on hydrogen storage.

Implementation of scientific results. Practical validation of the obtained results was conducted at S.A. Apa-Canal Chisinau and at Ecosorbent company manufacturing the activated carbon, Stefan Voda. The method for measuring the temperature in the microwave oven was patented and successfully applied throughout all the scientific study.