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Morphobiology and micropropagation of thornless blackberry cultivars in the Republic of Moldova


Author: Lozinschii Mariana
Degree:doctor of biology
Speciality: 03.00.05 - Botany
Year:2019
Scientific adviser: Nina Ciorchina
doctor, associate professor (docent), Botanical Garden (Institute)
Scientific consultant: Tatiana Calalb
doctor habilitat, associate professor (docent), Botanical Garden (Institute)
Institution: Botanical Garden (Institute)

Status

The thesis was presented on the 15 March, 2019
Approved by NCAA on the 9 July, 2019

Abstract

Adobe PDF document – 1.06 Mb / in romanian

Thesis

CZU 581.14/.16:634.717(478)(043.2)

Adobe PDF document 16.00 Mb / in romanian
0 pages

Keywords

calusogenesis, organogenesis, rhizogenesis, in vitro culture, ex vitro culture, optimal environments, biologically active substances, anatomy, biochemistry, R. fruticosus L.

Summary

Thesis structure: the thesis consists of introduction, four chapters, conclusions and practical recommendations, a bibliography of 184 titles, 10 annexes, 118 basic text pages, 19 tables and 60 figures. The results obtained are published in 23 scientific papers.

Field of study: 164.01 – Botany The aim of the thesis. Elaboration of micropropagation and microcloning biotechnologies of the perspective cultivars of thornless blackberries and the biomorphological study in the conditions of the Republic of Moldova.

Objectives of work: the identification of new cultivars of blackberry to be used as donors of explants for the initiation of in vitro culture; the testing of biological, physical and chemical factors for the in vitro culture; the elaboration of formulas of growth media optimal for the callogenesis and the morphogenesis of each cultivars; the study of biological features of plantlets of newly created varieties of blackberry cultured in vitro and the determination of the necessary conditions for acclimatization under greenhouse conditions and for the creation of plantations in open field; the comparative anatomical and biochemical study of blackberry cultivars; the elaboration of the scheme of the micropropagation technology for the planting material of promising cultivars and contributions to the improvement of the gene pool of the NBGI.

Scientific novelty and originality. The scheme of the in vitro micropropagation technology for planting material has been elaborated. Cultivars which are resistant to the pedoclimatic conditions of R. Moldova and possess valuable technological characteristics for the creation of industrial plantations, have been tested and selected. The in vitro micropropagation techniques of callogenesis and organogenesis of promising thornless blackberry varieties were improved. The complex biological (morpho-anatomical and biochemical) study, of the thornless blackberry varieties has been carried out for the first time.

The scientific problem solved consistsin the development of the in vitro culture technology of a healthy, uniform and homogeneous planting material of promising thornless blackberry cultivars: ‘Arapaho’, ‘Triple Crown’, ‘Loch Ness’, ‘Black Satin’, ‘Polar’, ‘Chester’, ‘Thornfree’, ‘Smoothstem’, ‘Reuben’, ‘Thornless Evergreen’. This fact has made it possible to create modern plantations, in the Republic of Moldova, with planting material obtained by in vitro culture and to create, in the NBGI, a collection of 10 blackberry cultivars. All these actions allowed highlighting the valuable varieties with potential for adaptation to the conditions of the Republic of Moldova.

Theoretical significance. The results of biotechnological experiments confirmed the notion of organospecific bio-entity, based on the principle of cellular totipotency of in vitro cultures for the regeneration of in vitro plantlets (by organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis).

Applicative value. Establishing in vitro multiplication procedures for blackberry cultivars. The results of the research are used in the Laboratory of Biotechnology and Embryology of GBNI. With the plantlets obtained was initiated the collection of 10 blackberry cultivars from GBNI: 'Loch Ness', 'Chester', 'Arapaho', 'Triple Crown', 'Polar', 'Black Satin', 'Thornfree' 'Smoothstem', 'Reuben', 'Thornless Evergreen'.In vitro multiplied plants have served as planting material for the establishment of blackberry plantations in the village of Holercani, Dubasari district, in collaboration with "Rotor" SRL.

Implementation of scientific results. The results of the research were implemented within the GBNI research program. The technology transfer project 13.824.14.178T was carried out in collaboration with the Agency for Innovation and Technology Transfer and SRL "Rotor". Have been developed the technology for obtaining avirotic seedlings. Contracts have been made with private beneficiaries, farmers and gardeners interested in the thornless cultivars.