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Impact of some metals determined by neutron activation analysis on the quality of the environment


Author: Zinicovscaia Inga
Degree:doctor habilitat of chemistry
Speciality: 02.00.20 - Ecological chemistry
Year:2022
Scientific consultant: Gheorghe Duca
doctor habilitat, professor, Moldova State University
Institution: Institute of Chemistry of the ASM

Status

The thesis was presented on the 28 November, 2022
Approved by NCAA on the 21 December, 2022

Abstract

Adobe PDF document – 1.74 Mb / in romanian
Adobe PDF document – 1.70 Mb / in english

Thesis

CZU 504.45.06(043.2) +579.22:546.3(043.2)

Adobe PDF document 9.51 Mb / in english
300 pages

Keywords

metals, neutron activation analysis, passive biomonitoring, active biomonitoring, soil, pollution, agricultural crops, elemental content, transfer factor, wastewater treatment, biosorption

Summary

Structure of the thesis: Annotation (English, Romanian, Russian), Introduction, Five Chapters, Conclusions and Recommendations, Bibliography of 506 titles, 66 figures, 45 tables, and 212 pages of basic texts. The results of the thesis were published in 50 papers, including 24 articles with impact factor, 2 books and 4 book chapters. Field of research: 145.01. Ecological Chemistry

The scope and objectives of the thesis: The main objective of the thesis is the analysis of the content of some chemical elements using neutron activation analysis in order to determine the biological value of the environment, to assess the risk on human health and state of ecological systems, as well as to develop the technology of metals removal from industrial effluents using different types of sorbents.

The novelty and scientific originality: For the first time in the Republic of Moldova neutron activation analysis was used to determine the content of elements in mosses, soils, fruits, vines, medicinal plants. The originality of the thesis consists in the simultaneous determination of a considerable number of chemical elements and estimation of the state the environment on the basis of these data. The technology of metal removal from mono- and multicomponent systems was proposed.

The obtained result, which contributes to the creation of the new scientific direction: Application of neutron activation analysis in estimation of the biological value of the habitat for life based on the determination of the elemental composition of the different environmental samples.

The theoretical importance of the work. A new theoretical and practical approach in the field of ecological chemistry has been proposed, which allow based on the chemical composition evaluation of the non-carcinogenic risk, calculation of hazard coefficient for air, soil, agricultural crops polluted with metals and the values of transfer factor in soil-agricultural crops systems. The optimal physico-chemical conditions for metals maximum removal using different types of biological sorbents have been established. The applied value of the work. The inclusion of the results of the biomonitoring study of air pollution in the Republic of Moldova in the „European Atlas of Heavy Metal Atmospheric Deposition” edited by „ICP Vegetation Programme Coordination Center” indicate the value of ang high appreciation of the performed research. Determination of the elemental composition of fruits, wines, and medicinal plants is extremely important for the assessment of their quality and effect on the consumers’ health as well as identification of their origin. The results obtained for different sorbents can be used for the elaboration of the methods of metals removal with the purpose to reduce their concentration to maximum admissible levels. The implementation of the results: The obtained results can be implemented in the training of the local producers of medicinal and aromatic plants, for analysis of the agricultural products and for the development of the new technique of metal removal using biological sorbents. The results were implemented at Public Institution “Central laboratory for testing alcoholic/non-alcoholic beverages and canned goods”, Moldovan Association of Aromatic and Medicinal Plant Producers "AROMEDA", Institute of Chemistry, and Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova.

Summary


1. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL INVESTIGATIONS
  • 1.1 Chemical elements sources in the environment, their toxicological effects and analytical techniques used for the determination of the elemental composition
  • 1.2 Monitoring of air quality using moss as biomonitors and analytical technique
  • 1.3 Evaluation of elemental profile of soil and agricultural crops
  • 1.4. Water pollution and the elaboration of the techniques of wastewater treatment
  • 1.5. Conclusions to Chapter 1

2. MATERIALS AND METHODS
  • 2.1 Material used for experiments performing
  • 2.2 Methods applied for elemental analysis
  • 2.3 Evaluation of the experimental data
  • 2.4 Conclusion to Chapter 2

3. ASSESSMENT OF AIR POLLUTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
  • 3.1. Assessment of heavy metal pollution in the Republic of Moldova using passive biomonitoring
  • 3.2. Active biomonitoring in an urban area: Chisinau case study
  • 3.3. Conclusions to Chapter 3

4. ECOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY OF SOIL AND FOODSTUFF PRODUCTS
  • 4.1 Analysis of the elemental composition of soil and wine from Cricova and Romanesti and their classification according to provenance
  • 4.2. Assessment of metals accumulation in soil-leaves-grapes- must system
  • 4.3 Major and trace elements determination in the fruits collected in Ialoveni district and assessment of their quality
  • 4.4 Determination of major and minor elements in fruits from different zones of RM by NAA and assessment of their provenance
  • 4.5 Determination of the elemental composition of medicinal plants of Lamiaceae family using NAA
  • 4.6. Conclusions to Chapter 4

5. ELABORATION OF ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY SORBENTS FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT
  • 5.1 Metal removal from the synthetic effluents using Spirulina platensis.
  • 5.2 Metal removal from the synthetic effluents using Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  • 5.3 Metal removal from the synthetic effluents using Shewanella xiamenensis
  • 5.4 Metal removal from industrial effluents using biological sorbents
  • 5.3 Conclusions to Chapter 5

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
REFERENCES
Annex
Declaration about assuming responsibility
CURRICULUM VITAE