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„Bioecological peculiarities and the role of small mammals (Mammalia: Rodentia, Insectivora) in maintaining leptospirosis outbreaks on the territory of the Republic of Moldova


Author: Burlacu Victoria
Degree:doctor of biology
Speciality: 03.00.08 - Zoology
Year:2023
Scientific adviser: Victoria Nistreanu
doctor, associate professor (docent)
Institution: Institute of Zoology

Status

The thesis was presented on the 17 January, 2023 at the meeting of the Scientific Council and now it is under consideration of the National Council.

Abstract

Adobe PDF document – 1.60 Mb / in romanian
Adobe PDF document – 1.36 Mb / in english

Thesis

CZU 599.322/324:619(478)(043.2)

Adobe PDF document 6.82 Mb / in romanian
176 pages

Keywords

small mammals, ecological features, biotope, pathogen, Leptospira spp., natural outbreak, zoonoses

Summary

Burlacu Victoria. Burlacu Victoria. „Bioecological peculiarities and the role of small mammals „Bioecological peculiarities and the role of small mammals (Mammalia: Rodentia, Insectivora) in maintaining leptospirosis outbreaks on the territory (Mammalia: Rodentia, Insectivora) in maintaining leptospirosis outbreaks on the territory of the Republic of Moldova”, PhD thesis in biological sciences, Chisinau, 2022.of the Republic of Moldova”, PhD thesis in biological sciences, Chisinau, 2022. The thesis consists of introduction, 4 chapters, general conclusions and recommendations, bibliography of 209 titles, 135 pages of basic text, 42 figures, 24 tables. The obtained results are published in 54 scientific works. Key words: small mammals, ecological features, biotope, pathogen, Leptospira spp., natural outbreak, zoonoses. Field of study: 165.02-Zoology. The purpose of the paper: Revealing of the biological and ecological peculiarities of the species of the Rodentia and Insectivora orders for the determination of small mammals with major epidemiological potential and their importance in the formation and maintenance of leptospirosis outbreaks. Objectives: Faunal, taxonomic and ecological study of small mammal communities in natural and anthropogenic ecosystems from the north, center and south of the republic; highlighting the species of small mammals infected with leptospires and involved in the epizootic process of leptospirosis; studying the etiological structure of leptospires in the population of small mammals; elucidating the role of small mammals in the functionning of natural outbreaks of leptospirosis on the territory of the republic. Scientific novelty and originality. Complex researches of small mammal communities in natural and anthropogenic ecosystems were carried out in the northern, central and southern areas of the country. The bio-ecological peculiarities of 22 species of small mammals were highlighted and their influence on the evolution of the epizootic process was established. The administrative territories with natural outbreaks of leptospirosis were identified and mapped, and the risks for the health of the population associated with the anthropization process of natural ecosystems were highlighted. The results elucidated 15 species of small mammal involved in the epizootic process in leptospirosis, their distribution in natural and anthropogenic biotopes, the main potentially epidemiological important species, their significance as a basic reservoir for 8 serogroups of leptospires. The solved scientific problem consists in elucidating the role of small mammals in the functioning of natural foci of leptospirosis, the level of infection of small mammals with Leptospira spp. in the investigated ecosystems, which will allow the forecasting of the epizootological situation and the development of measures to prevent the risk of spreading leptospirosis in the republic. Theoretical significance. New data on the structure of small mammal communities in natural foci of leptospirosis have been obtained. The obtained results expand the knowledge regarding the fauna and ecology of small mammals, as well as their epizootological and epidemiological role in the functioning of leptospirosis outbreaks in the Republic of Moldova. The applicative value of the work. The role of small mammals in the functioning of natural foci of leptospirosis has been elucidated. The results can be included in health education programs in the field of zooanthroponosis prevention and will contribute to the development of epizootological prognoses, the improvement of the legal framework in public health. Implementation of scientific results. The results of the study were implemented in the practical activity of the National Agency for Public Health, the epidemiological surveillance section of highly contagious, zoonotic and parasitic diseases; within the Public Health Centers. The results are used and implemented in the didactic process, in the preparation of bachelor's and master's theses at educational institutions with a biological and ecological profile