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Accounting and audit of commercial payables and receivables


Author: Sajin Iurie
Degree:doctor of economics
Speciality: 08.00.12 - Accounting; Audit; Economic Analysis
Year:2009
Scientific adviser: Alexandru Nederiţa
doctor habilitat, professor, Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova
Institution:
Scientific council:

Status

The thesis was presented on the 7 November, 2008
Approved by NCAA on the 22 January, 2009

Abstract

Adobe PDF document – 0.36 Mb / in romanian

Thesis

CZU 657.2.016 (043)

Adobe PDF document 1.11 Mb / in romanian
158 pages

Keywords

Commercial payment, mean of payment, commercial effect, recognition, evaluation, commercial receivables, commercial payables, factoring, bill, contingent receivables, term of prescription, operation cycle, real value, standard, account, financial discount, means of obtaining of audit proofs, system of internal control, observation, request, confirmation

Summary

The present paper examines methodological, theoretical and applicative problematic aspects of accounting and audit of commercial payables and receivables according to the national and international legal acts. The thesis analyses definitions of payments, commercial receivables, commercial payables, commercial effects, methods of payment. New criteria of classification of these are proposed, based on the practice of commercial operations of the last years. The paper examines concrete examples of appreciation and evaluation of commercial receivables and payables with specification of application of international accounting rules in concrete situations. Also, general methodological aspects of the accounting of commercial receivables and payables are exposed and recommendations for solving of some problems that are connected to the accounting of commercial payments are given.

The paper exposes the problem in accounting of commercial receivables and payables on sales/purchases of goods and services on commercial credit, with total or partial preliminary advanced payment in foreign currency, with the offering of financial discounts, with using new forms of compensation and other commercial effects. The ways of solving of these problems in accounting of commercial payables and receivables are proposed with the scope to create the adequate level of comparability of financial information.

The particularities of accounting of commercial effects according to national and international accounting standards are stipulated for the first time with the proposal to use the last in local commercial practice. The thesis also disclosed some problems in obtaining audit proofs on some qualitative aspects of commercial payables and receivables, such as existence, completeness, consistency etc. according to the audit stages of financial reports and cyclical performance of economic operations.

The results of research may be used in commercial entities on application of different methods of commercial payments as well as in audit organizations for the improvement of the process of obtaining audit proofs according to the audit standards.