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The studying of new apple cultivars and hybrids in condition pedo-climatic in Republic of Moldova


Author: Cozmic Radu
Degree:doctor of agriculture
Speciality: 06.01.05 - Breeding and Seed Production
Year:2010
Scientific adviser: Victor Bucarciuc
doctor habilitat, professor, Practical Scientific Institute of Horticulture and Food Technology
Scientific consultant: Ilie Donica
doctor habilitat, professor, Practical Scientific Institute of Horticulture and Food Technology
Institution: Practical Scientific Institute of Horticulture and Food Technology
Scientific council: DH 10-06.01.05-25.12.03
Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection of the ASM

Status

The thesis was presented on the 21 January, 2010
Approved by NCAA on the 18 March, 2010

Abstract

Adobe PDF document0.27 Mb / in romanian

Keywords

apple, variety, ecological-geographical groups, resistance, scab, productivity.

Summary

The dissertation contains 5 chapters, conclusion and recommendations, bibliography include 137 publications, 25 annexes, 96 page and text, 16 figures, 44 tables. The principal results of studying were reflected in the 12 publications.

The aim and objects of dissertation. The aim of dissertations is a distinguishing of the best cultivars and elites resistant to the principal diseases, productive, with quality of fruit for the stat. testing and produce, donors of valuable characters. The taking into consideration necessity of introduction to market of less pollution fruit were proposed next objects:

The studying of ecologic-geographical groups of the new apple cultivars and elite; including the determination of correlative relation ships between different characters the studying of breeding value of some immune to scab Venturia inaequalis (Cocke, Wint), and compact type of apple cultivars, establishment of donators for breeding, selection of cultivars and perspective hybrids for the stats Testing and produce.

Novelty and originality of scientific. For the first time in the Republic of Moldova was studied a series of new apple cultivars, forms and hybrids in conformity with ecologic-geographical group of origin, with the different value characters such as the resistance to scab, productivity, a fruit quality, and penology. It was established, in the conditions of Republic of Moldova ecologic-geographical groups do not differ essentially by the mast characters. On the basis of executed studying were distinguished some local and introduced traditional and immune to scab cultivars and forms for the following using in the breeding as parental forms and the application of the most valuable ones for produce.

Theoretical significance. It was established the inherits of most valuable characters for the different traditional and immune to scab apple cultivars, level of transference of then by heredity, capacity of the pollen germination, degree of allogam pollination of cultivars and picking out of the best pollination, correlate interdependence of different characters of cultivars and hybrids.

Applicative value of dissertation. As result of investigation it was distinguished some high productive, resistant to scab apple cultivars, with reduce vigor of tree, with fruit of high quality of different periods of maturity. For the Stat Testing in the Republic of Moldova it was propose 6 new apple cultivars; two-introduced from other ecologic-geographical zones Granny Smith Spur (Australia), Čampion (Republic of Czechia) and 4 local immune to scab selection 3-47 (50,54,55), 3-47 (33-40), 3-52(49-71) and 3-55(26-36).

Implementation of results scientific. Scientific results is implemented in the selection of apple at the Public Institution Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies. Apple varieties Čampion, Romus 1, Elstar, Redfree, Gloster were included in the National Register of plant varieties as perspective varieties and implementing this in production. In the some time, the apple varieties were used by the local tree nurseries. As results during 2006-2009 were produced 100000 of apple trees.