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Optimizarea tehnologiei de obţinere a unor oxiacizi din deşeurile oenologice


Author: Aliona Mereuţa
Degree:doctor of chemistry
Speciality: 05.17.10 - Special products technology (with specification of products)
Year:2004
Scientific adviser: Gheorghe Duca
doctor habilitat, professor, Moldova State University
Scientific consultant: Corneliu Oniscu
dr inginer, prof. univ, Universitatea Tehnică Gh. Asachi , Iaşi, omania
Institution: Moldova State University

Status

The thesis was presented on the 30 April, 2004
Approved by NCAA on the 24 June, 2004

Abstract

Adobe PDF document – 0.88 Mb / in romanian

Keywords

Secondary wine products, wine-making wastes, tartaric acid, calcium tartares, tartaric compounds, mathematical modelling, experimental optimization, reactive extraction, acid salt of sodium dihydroxyfumarate, carbonomineral sorbents

Summary

Research, carried out by the author in the frame of the given scientific work, include the optimization of basic technological operations at the manufacturing of the tartaric acid and elaboration of the new process for obtaining of the last one from the wine making wastes.

Optimization of the technological process was carried out on the base of mathematical model. Developed by means of the given method mathematical models can be used not only for the determining of extremal (optimal) conditions but also as very important source of information, required for optimal controlling of the technological processes. On the base of obtained results were developed three experimental mathematical models for the processes of dissolution of the tartaric compounds, containing in winemaking wastes, extraction of tartaric acid from the water solution and synthesis of the acid salt of sodium dihydroxyfumarat, which give the possibility to increase the efficiency of corresponding processes and to establish the optimal conditions of the mentioned processes carrying out.

Studying of the process of extraction of the tartaric acid by means of the extragent of secondary amines class (Amberlite LA-2), which is soluble in organic solvents (acetate butyl), has allowed to propose new way of tartaric acid separation. Mechanism regularities of the extraction process was studied both on the base of system model and real objects.

It is proposed to replace the crystallization of the tartaric acid (TA) through the problematic and long term process of cooling by the process of TA crystallization in azeotropic mixture, forming at the adding of xylene, organic solvent in which TA is insoluble, to water solution. Simultaneously with water removing from system the process of tartaric acid crystallization is starting.

For the process of dimetalization of the solutions, containing tartaric compounds, forming at the filtration of vine through filter with rotating drum, in which there are used kilzegul or perlit as filtering material, in the result of development of new method for the obtaining of carbon mineral sorbents from winemaking wastes there was proposed to replace hexacianoferrat (II) of potassium with these sorbents.