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Identification and expression of some sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genes (Rf)


Author: Midoni Andrei
Degree:doctor of biology
Speciality: 03.00.15 - Genetics
Year:2011
Scientific adviser: Maria Duca
doctor habilitat, professor, Moldova State University
Institution: Moldova State University
Scientific council: DH 10-03.00.15-27.03.08
Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection of the ASM

Status

The thesis was presented on the 30 December, 2010
Approved by NCAA on the 24 February, 2011

Abstract

Adobe PDF document1.37 Mb / in romanian

Keywords

sunflower, fertility restorer genes, CMS-Rf system, bioinformatics, hybridologic analysis

Summary

The thesis consists of introduction, 6 chapters, conclusions, bibliography of 285 sources, a total of 119 pages, 23 tables and 53 pictures. The results are published in 10 papers on the topic of research.

Research goal: molecular study of male sterility / fertility mechanisms, identification of restorer of fertility genes in different genotypes grown in Republic of Moldova, while research of inheritance and fertility restoration mechanisms in sunflower.

Objectives: bioinformatics’ analysis of different CMS-Rf systems; genetic polymorphism (RAPD) in CMS, Rf and F1 correlated with morphological features; number determination and type interaction of Rf genes by hybridologic analysis; identification and status evaluation of Rf genes using CAPS-PCR analysis; presence / absence estimation of maize marker linked with Rf3 gene (CMS-S) in different sunflower genotypes; analysis of some aspects associated with Rf genes expression.

Scientific novelty: similar features were observed between CMS-PET 1 sunflower and CMS-S maize systems, at the same time was identified molecular markers linked to Rf3 gene (maize) in Rf and F1 sunflower genotypes; was determined cytoplasmatical (Rf) and membranar location of CMS proteins in plants; was modeled polynucleotide-phosphorilase enzyme involved in sunflower restoration processes by polyadenylation of CMS transcripts witch is then digested by RNases; was distinguished the presence and Rf1 gene status (rf1rf1, Rf1Rf1 and Rf1rf1) in 9 maternal, 14 paternal and 16 hybrid genotypes;

Theoretical significance: was developed a hypothetical model of CMS-Rf components interaction in plants.

Applied value: in new created hybrids Drofa CMS x LC Raus Rf and Drofa CMS x VIR 681 Rf was estimated the high auto compatibility degree – important agronomic character.

Implementation of scientific results: the obtained results are successfully applied in genetics, selection (NOVOSEM SRL thesis annex 1), in bioinformatics, plant physiology. Based on hybridologic, CAPS-PCR and morphologic analysis we recommend the homozygous lines (Rf1Rf1): LC 4 Rf, LC 39 Rf, LC 41 Rf, LC 43 Rf, LC Cium Rf and LC Raus Rf to be used for creation of highly productive hybrids.