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CNAA / Theses / 2011 / May /

Transformations of organic substances in surface waters of the Republic of Moldova


Author: Petru Spătaru
Degree:doctor of chemistry
Speciality: 11.00.11 - Environmental Protection and Rational Utilization of Natural Resources
Year:2011
Scientific adviser: Tudor Lupaşcu
doctor habilitat, professor, Institute of Chemistry of the ASM
Scientific consultant: Maria Sandu
doctor, associate professor (docent), Institute of Ecology and Geografy of the ASM
Institution: Institute of Ecology and Geografy of the ASM
Scientific council: DH 30-11.00.11-25.12.03
Moldova State University

Status

The thesis was presented on the 20 May, 2011
Approved by NCAA on the 8 July, 2011

Abstract

Adobe PDF document – 0.43 Mb / in romanian

Keywords

Organic substances, organic matter, amines, surfactants, petroleum products, complexation capacity, nitrification, Self-purification, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen consumption

Summary

The structure of thesis: Introduction, 5 chapters, Conclusions and Recommendations, Bibliography of 220 titles, 34 figures, 17 tables, the List of abbreviations and 117 pages basic texts

The number of publications: 38, 14 article and 24 published conference communications.

The purpose and objectives of the paper: The dissertation falls within the field of environmental protection, and, in particular, protection of natural waters. Scientific data presented in the work describe the displayed in natural water Self-purification and nitrification processes, the impact of different classes of organic substances and substrates on the biochemical oxidation of ammonium ion.

The novelty and scientific originality: Estimation results show that in the Dniester river water prevail organic substances with molecular weight 120-350 a.u. Complexing capacity of Cu 2 + of organic substances with molecular weight from 0.25 to 5000 and 60-70000 of water fl. Dniester and Prut is 0.09 to 0.53 mg/dm3. Aliphatic amines were found to influence the biochemical oxidation of ammonium in water in the order trimethylamine, dietilamină -dimethylamine, methylamine, and respectively the aromatic amines: diphenylamine-aniline, naphthylamine- phenylenediamine, phenylhydrazine.The presence of anionic and nonionic surfactants in the MAC stimulates of ammonium oxidation, but cationic STA, petroleum products, copper compounds mixed with lindan and dieldrin – depresses it. Gravel help to speed up 2-3 times the rate of nitrification process.

The theoretical importance and applied value of the work: Research has confirmed a need to assess the influence of organic substances on nitrification processes, Self-purification, complexing of heavy metals. It has proved the beneficial role of natural gravel substrates in the process of nitrification, which can be used to raise the efficiency of Self-purification in surface and waste water treatment.