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Biotechnology of cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom and obtaining valuable bioproducts


Author: Vitalie Stepanov
Degree:doctor of biology
Speciality: 03.00.23 - Biotechnology
Year:2006
Scientific adviser: Valeriu Rudic
doctor habilitat, professor, Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology of the ASM
Institution:
Scientific council:

Status

The thesis was presented on the 16 December, 2005
Approved by NCAA on the 26 January, 2006

Abstract

Adobe PDF document0.32 Mb / in romanian

Keywords

Pleurotus ostreatus, screening, solid state fermentation, fodder protein, food protein, nutritive value, submerged cultivation, biomass, amino acids, phytotechny, bioproducts

Summary

Morphological, cultural and biochemical properties of Pleurotus ostreatus strains were studied to estimate the biotechnological perspectives of this oyster mushroom.

Three new strains of Pleurotus ostreatus - CNMN-FB-02, CNMN-FB-03 and CNMN-FB-04 were isolated, investigated and deposited in the National Collection of Nonpathogenic Microorganisms as a result of the search for the strains with high growth rates, protein and secondary metabolite production under the solid state and submerged fermentation conditions.

The presented results demonstrate possibilities of obtaining fruit bodies of high nutritive value and fodder for agricultural animals, rich in nitrogen and particularly in essential and “immunoactive” amino acids. It was found that the strain Pleurotus ostreatus CNMN-FB-04, treated with a special complex substrate (straw:corn stump, 2:1), was able to accumulate 438 mg/g a.d.m. of amino acids, including 315 mg/g a.d.m. of “immunoactive” and 138 mg/g a.d.m. of essential amino acids. The abilities of Pleurotus ostreatus to decompose lignocellulose and to enrich with fungal protein different plant residues from agriculture increases the fodder value of the latter and can be used as a means of production of fodder proteins.

The strains of Pleurotus ostreatus CNMN-FB-02, CNMN-FB-03 and CNMN-FB-04 were found to be active in producing different exometabolites into the media and, in particular, in producing a complex of hydrolytic enzymes (cellulase, amylase, proteinase, lipase).

These exometabolites can be used as biological stimulators of physiological and biochemical processes in phytotechny. The treatment of the wheat seeds (before sawing) with the exometabolites increased the biomass of the seedlings (up to 24%).

The submerged mycelium of Pleurotus ostreatus can be also used in the technologies of production of fruit bodies as one of the means of quick obtaining of large quantities of fungal mycelium for sawing.