Assessment of the ecological impact of auto transport on vegetal components in the urban ecosystem Chisinau
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StatusThe thesis was presented on the 30 November, 2018Approved by NCAA on the 25 January, 2019 Abstract – 1.33 Mb / in romanianThesisCZU 504.054:656.13(478)(043.2)
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Keywords
ecological impact, urban ecosystem, auto transport, emissions, assimilating pigments, vegetal components, street lanesSummary
Introduction, four chapters, general conclusions and recommendations, 125 pages of basic text, 64 figures, 6 tables, 6 annexes. The results obtained are published in 13 scientific papers.
Field of study: ecology.
Purpose: To assess the influence and consequences of car emissions on vegetal components in the Chisinau urban ecosystem.
Objectives: The study of the infrastructure and the functioning of the urban transport as the main ecological factor - emission generator and its impact on the state of the ecosystems in Chisinau municipality; quantitative and qualitative characterization of exhaust emissions and estimation of theirs’ impact on the state of urban ecosystems; determining the transport share out of the total impact on Chisinau urban ecosystem; evaluation of the impact of car emissions based on physiological and biochemical manifestations (concentration of assimilating pigments and total water content) from the leaves of some tree species and decorative plants found in Chisinau urban ecosystem.
Scientific novelty and originality. The influence of car emissions on vegetation has been determined depending on the intensity of the traffic level. It has been demonstrated that physiological and biochemical manifestations (the concentration of assimilating pigments and of the total water content) serve as an indicator of the condition of plants exposed to stress factors and can be used as a methodology for assessing the ecological impact of car emissions on vegetation. It has been established that maximum concentration of total nitrogen in both leaves and litter was registered at Alecu Russo and Calea Iesilor research resort. Based on these results, it was found that among the species studied (Tilia cordata Mill, Acer platanoides L., Pinus nigra J. A. Arnold), the most resistant to pollution is the Tilia cordata Mill species and can be used to diminish the atmospheric air pollution and as a bio indicator. It has been demonstrated that the largest amount of nitrogen is assimilated by the leaves of the Tilia cordata Mill species, which can be recommended to reduce the degree of pollution of the urban ecosystem with nitrogen oxides.
The solved scientific problem consists in demonstrating the impact of car emissions on plant components and the biological productivity of vegetation in the Chisinau urban ecosystem. A number of pollutted zones of the town were identified on the base of concentration of the clorofile in the vegetation and the influence of the autio transpoort emissions on the biological productivity of vegetation was demonstrated.
Theoretical significance. A monitoring of the polluted areas with car emissions based on the physiological and biochemical parameters of the leaves of some tree species has been conducted. The impact of stress factors (auto emissions) on the biological productivity of vegetation has been established. It has been demonstrated that the physiological reactions of plants determined based on physiochemicalparameters may serve as indicators of pollution.
Applicative value of the paper. The results obtained can serve as a scientific basis for the elaboration of recommendations for Local Public Authorities on setting street lanes, the selection of resistant to pollution plant species, which can be used as bio-indicators.
Implementation of scientific results. They are used by the Socio-Economic Directorate of Chisinau Municipality for the elaboration of actions for the reduction of pollution in the city, as well as by the University of European Political and Economic Studies “Constantin Stere” in the process of student training and the preparation of master’s thesis at the Faculty of Ecology and Environmental Protection.
Oficial Reviewers
- Victor Şalaru
doctor habilitat, professor, Moldova State University - Nina Liogchii
doctor, associate professor (docent)
Council's Members
- Valentin Bobeică, president
doctor habilitat, professor, Moldova State University - Anatol Tărâţă, secretary
doctor, associate professor (docent) - Gheorghe Postolache, member
doctor habilitat, professor, Botanical Garden (Institute) - Adam Begu, member
doctor habilitat, associate professor (docent), Institute of Ecology and Geografy of the ASM - Vladimir Brega, member
doctor, associate professor (docent)
Theses
