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Author: Grigore Porcescu Degree: doctor of veterinary Medicine Speciality:  16.00.02 - Animal Morphology, Morphopatology and Oncology Year: 2007 Scientific adviser: Valentin Malâşev doctor habilitat, professor Institution:

Status The thesis was presented on the 19 October, 2007 Approved by NCAA on the 20 December, 2007 Abstract – 0.28 Mb / in romanian – 0.34 Mb / in russian Thesis CZU 619: 619.98.-092 5.36 Mb / in russian 135 pages

Keywords

Summary

A comparative method was applied upon the anatomical and histological investigation of 12 African black ostriches, 9 hens and 6 turkeys. The smallest number (6 pairs) of the salivary glands is observed in the ostrich. There are 10 pairs of them in the hen. All the glands are of a mucous structure and of a multilobular type. The tongue of the ostrich lies in the floor of the cavity (occupying 1/3 part of it) and it is short, smooth and of a semispherical form. It has no corny and gustatory papillae. There are a splitting and a deep pocket at the back part of the tongue.

The esophagus (measures up to 1.2 m in length) is rather narrow but significantly flexible and elastic. It can have a four or five times bigger extension. The esophagus forms a loop in the middle of the neck. The goiter is not observed. The glands of the esophagus are mostly concentrated in its initial part. A long (measures up to 55 cm in length) and a sac-like proventriculus extends over and around the gizzard on the left along its wide axis. Unlike the hens’, the ostrich’s mucous membrane of the proventriculus has two zones: a glandular zone (the area of the deep gastric glands) and a “glandularless” zone (the area of the surface glands). The first one is in a form of a wide strip. The glandular zone of the adult ostrich houses more than 700 openings of the excretory ducts in the deep gastric glands (56 openings are observed in the hens). The surface area of the second zone is twice as much as the first one. The gizzard is not too big, having thick muscles (up to 6.5cm). The pyloric sphincter is represented by the sickle-like fold and by the V-shaped muscular torus, having 4-5 spiral folds. The large intestine of the ostrich is twice and a half as long as the small intestine due to the presence of the colon. The histological differences in the structure the digestive tract of the studied birds are not of so much importance in comparison with the anatomical differences.

Oficial Reviewers

• Grigore Dumitraş
  doctor, associate professor (docent)
• Rudic S.K
  doctor habilitat în medicină veterinară, profesor universitar, Academia Agrară din Kiev, Ucraina

 Theses