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Correlation of characteristic semantic fields in the German language and the Romanian language


Author: Tatiana Babin-Rusu
Degree:doctor of philology
Speciality: 10.02.19 - General Linguistics (with specification: Sociolinguistics, Psychological, Structural, Contrastive Typological, Mathematical, Computational Linguistics)
Year:2008
Scientific adviser: Ion Dumbraveanu
doctor habilitat, professor, Moldova State University
Institution:
Scientific council:

Status

The thesis was presented on the 21 March, 2008
Approved by NCAA on the 17 April, 2008

Abstract

Adobe PDF document – 0.39 Mb / in romanian

Thesis

CZU 81’44(043.3)

Adobe PDF document 0.96 Mb / in romanian
159 pages

Keywords

Semantic field, lexico-semantic field, componential analysis, lexico-semantic paradigm, monoparadigmatic field, polyparadigmatic field, lexeme, archilexeme, semanteme, sememe, lexico-semantic variant, components of meaning, meaning, occasional seme, integrative seme, linguistic principle, non-linguistic principle, inventory of lexical-semantic field, semantic community, centre of nucleus of the lexico-semantic field, nucleus of the lexico- semantic field, peripheries, structure of the lexico-semantic field, including relationship, hyperonym, semantic distance, privative opposition, zero opposition, lexical gap, qualitative divergence, quantitative divergence, synonymous group

Summary

The main goal of the present work is to analyse the correlation of the semantic fields of the qualitative adjectives „stolz” and „mândru” in the German and Romanian languages, from the paradigmatic point of view. To study the semantic fields from this angle, the next principles are considered to be important: linguistic, non-linguistic and functional principle.

We define „the semantic field” as an inventory of elements, connected through structural relationships, which have a semantic community and fulfil the same function in the language. In general, there are different types of semantic fields.

We grant special attention to the lexical- semantic fields, in whose structures the nucleus and peripheric elements could be identified. In order to find an objective way to delimit the components of the lexical- semantic field we use a paradigmatic proceeding on the basis of the uniformity of identificators as well as componential, contextual and stylistic analysis.

Examining the type of relationships between items, we distinguish identical and differential components of meaning. The analysis in terms of components contributes to the analysis of meaning structure of the lexical- semantic fields. Very important is to identify the hyperonyms of the fields, that have a larger meaning and are included in the meaning structure of all the elements of the fields.

Delimitation of the nucleus and peripheries in the structure of the lexical-semantic field of the qualitative adjectives „stolz” and „mândru” in the German and Romanian languages is effective from the practical viewpoint, because it represents a considerable didactic material used in the process of learning both languages. The interlinguistic learning of these lexical-semantic fields contributes to the solution of the correlation between universal and idioethnical features in the language, allows to praise the national specific characters of the structure and to reflect the objective reality in the language. Comparing the examined lexical-semantic fields it is very important to identify the synonyms that the German and Romanian languages choose to assign one and the same non-linguistic situation.