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Species diversity and ecology of epigenous beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera) from the “Codrii Tigheci” Landscape Reserve


Author: Svetlana Bacal
Degree:doctor of biology
Speciality: 03.00.09 - Entomology
Year:2008
Scientific adviser: Valeriu Derjanschi
doctor habilitat, professor, Institute of Zoology
Scientific consultant: Zaharia Neculiseanu
doctor habilitat, professor
Institution:

Status

The thesis was presented on the 21 March, 2008
Approved by NCAA on the 17 April, 2008

Abstract

Adobe PDF document0.33 Mb / in romanian

Thesis

CZU 595.76:3.12:4:8.11-155

Adobe PDF document 2.31 Mb / in romanian
171 pages

Keywords

Coleoptera, Carabidae, Silphidae, Staphylinidae, Scarabaeidae, Geotrupidae, Trogidae, Lucanidae, Tenebrionidae, biodiversity, zoogeography, ecology

Summary

The present paper represents the first analysis realized on the epigenous beetles from the “Codrii Tigheci” Landscape Reserve. Within the study the following objectives were traced: to establish the species composition of the researched coleopteran groups; to determine the zoogeographic elements of the studied species; to establish the trophic spectrum; to evaluate some ecological parameters; to emphasize the rare and threatened species; to reveal the plant pest’s and their economic importance.

As result of accomplished researches during the vegetation period of 2003–2007 in the landscape reserve “Codrii Tigheci” 160 species from 75 genera, 48 tribes, 26 subfamilies and 8 families were identified.

The inventory of Tenebrionidae family was realized on the territory of the republic, thus 37 species were identified, of which 6 species were common also for the “Codrii Tigheci”.

Out of all the studied beetles the family Carabidae represents the highest diversity – 82 species, Staphylinidae – 32, Scarabaeidae – 20, Silphidae – 13, Tenebrionidae – 6 species. The families Geotrupidae and Lucanidae are represented by 3 and Trogidae – by one species. From the analysis of collected materials was established that 6 genera and 17 species are mentioned for the first time in the Republic of Moldova fauna.

According to the trophic spectrum the studied in the landscape reserve “Codrii Tigheci” coleopterans belong to 7 trophic groups. The zoophagous group consists of 35%, the phytophagous – 25%, the coprophagous – 14%, the saprophagous – 3%, the necrophagous – 8%, the mixophagous – 8% and the micophagous – 4%.

The analysis of the geographic distribution emphasized that the collected coleopterans belong to 12 zoogeographic groups: transpalearctic group contains 23%, the eurosiberian – 15%, the palearctic – 14%, the european – 9%, the mediterranean - 7%, the westpalearctic – 10%, the euroasiatic – 6%, the eurocaucasian – 6%, the pontic – 1%, the euromediterranean – 4%, the holarctic – 3%, the eastpalearctic – 1%.

The rare and the threatened beetle species on the territory of the republic were emphasized, as well as the saproxylic coleopteran species - indicators of the European secular woods.

According to the Shannon index the highest value of the diversity index was recorded in the pine plantation – 4,44; the lowest one was recorded in the mixed forest of elm tree with ash tree – 1,95. The pine plantation shows also the most uniform distribution of the species individuals – 0,96.

As result of similarity index determination the resemblance degree of the coleopteran cenosis was revealed. It was determined that the most similar are the forest of elm tree with ash tree and the plantation of ash tree with gleditsia with the similarity index value of 70,74. The analysis of coleopteran dynamics of seasonal activity from the studied biotopes showed a high correlation between the researched groups and the climatic factors.

The obtained results can be used at the solving of the monitoring and animals' cadastre of the Republic of Moldova