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Improvement of basic agrotechnical elements of cultivation technology of sweet pepper in the Republic Moldova


Author: Secrier Serghei
Degree:doctor of agriculture
Speciality: 06.01.06 - Vegetable Production
Year:2015
Scientific adviser: Alexei Gumaniuc
doctor habilitat, associate professor (docent)
Scientific consultant: Vasile Botnari
doctor habilitat, associate professor (docent)
Institution: Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection of the ASM

Status

The thesis was presented on the 29 April, 2015
Approved by NCAA on the 7 July, 2015

Abstract

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Keywords

sweet pepper, irrigation, fertilization, insufficient humidifying, productivity, production quality, water balance, economic and energy efficiency.

Summary

Key words: sweet pepper, irrigation, fertilization, insufficient humidifying, productivity, production quality, water balance, economic and energy efficiency.

Field of study: Agricultural Sciences

The research scope is to increase the efficiency of recovery of water and fertilizers while maintaining sweet pepper high productivity and quality. Objectives: To determine the impact of different levels of plants supply with irrigation water and nutrients on the yield and quality of sweet pepper; To identify effective methods of providing plants with irrigation water (reduction of watering rates, watering at critical development phases); To study the influence of irrigation regimes on the efficiency of precipitation and soil water reserves' exploitation; To evaluate economics and energy of studied irrigation regimes and fertilization rates; To determine water consumption per unit of production and elucidate correlative links "watering rules and the harvest» and «fertilization and the harvest» required for obtaining the scheduled yield of the sweet pepper.

Scientific novelty: optimal irrigation schemes were developed under insufficient humidifying and fertilizing rates that ensured efficient use of soil water reserves, rainfall and water used for irrigation; economic and energy efficiency was demonstrated of different irrigation techniques under insufficient humidifying of pepper plants; the correlation was elucidated between «watering rules and the harvest» and «fertilization and the yield» allowing their use for obtaining the scheduled sweet pepper yields.

Importance of the scientific issuewas to upgrade the basic elements of sweet pepper cultivation technologies (irrigation and fertilization) under conditions of insufficient humidifying to ensure competitive yields under reduced costs.

Theoretical value of the work: efficient irrigation techniques were developed and grounded for sweet pepper irrigation under insufficient humidifying and plants nutrition that allowed optimizing materials and energy costs taking into account the laws of environmental protection and maintenance of sweet pepper crops at economically advantageous levels.

Practical value was to reduce consumption of irrigation water and mineral fertilizers in order to obtain the product increasing efficiency for exploiting water from the soil and rainfall as well as to reduce irrigation water loss and obtain competitive yields of pepper cultivation under insufficient humidifying conditions. The results of studies of water-saving modes of sweet pepper were introduced in LLC “Rustas” Slobozia district.