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The management of the credit system in the Republic of Moldova in transition period


Author: Cornelia Grigoriţă
Degree:doctor of economics
Speciality: 08.00.05 - Economy and Management (in branch)
Year:2005
Scientific adviser: Mihai Patraş
doctor, professor, Moldova State University
Institution:

Status

The thesis was presented on the 28 January, 2005
Approved by NCAA on the 21 April, 2005

Abstract

Adobe PDF document – 0.64 Mb / in romanian

Keywords

the management of the credit risk, the commercial bank, the microfinance organization, the loan organization, savings and loans association of citizens, the credit, microfinance, portfolio of the credit, the credit risk

Summary

The process of transition from command-administrative to market economy is one of the most difficult periods of socio-economic development of country. The Republic of Moldova has selected slow-paced transition to market economy comparing to other countries of Eastern Europe (Poland, Czech R., Hungary etc.) that introduced "shock" mechanism. The decision to implement slow transition to market economy in our country in the course of the last 10 years, turned out to be inefficient and as a consequence this period brought about numerous negative effects: growth of the foreign state debt, growth of the rate of inflation, keeping high interest rates for credits, depreciation of the national currency and others, which hindered the economic growth and improvement of the living conditions of the inhabitants of the republic.

The reformation and consolidation of the credit system is one of the factors that can stimulate national economic growth. In this context, in the dissertations was carried out an ample analysis, as a whole, of the credit system of the Republic of Moldova. As a result were put into evidence problems and argued concrete proposals referring to its consolidation and sustainable development. As well, were remarked the possibilities of decentralization of the national credit system, through the diversification of the types of credit institutions and of financial products, both in urban and in rural areas, that would cover the financial necessities of all branches/spheres of the national economy.

O the basis of research of the management of credit process in developed countries such as: USA, Germany, Great Britain, France, Canada and in Poland, Romania, Ukraina in the dissertation were formulated the main directions to improve and perfect the present credit system from the Republic of Moldova. Therefore, in the dissertation are highlighted the methodological aspects and the elements of management of the credit system in the conditions of market economy; are researched the theories and strategies of banking management; are analyzed the particularities of the organization and functioning of the credit system of the Republic of Moldova; are analyzed the normative-juridical bases that regulate the activity of the credit institution determining their level of correspondence with the real economic situation in the country and are elaborated a set of recommendations regarding their improvement; are researched the possibilities to develop some categories of financial products and to implement them in the activity of national credit institutions.

In the thesis a strong emphasis is put on the problems and ways to improve the management of microfinance non-banking institutions from the Republic Moldova (especially, citizens’ savings and loan associations) and their perspective of consolidation with the purpose to develop the rural sector. The research of the theoretical and practical concepts of the management in microfinance non-banking institutions, both from the Republic of Moldova and from abroad, made it possible to elaborate the "credit-scoring" model which was implemented in the activity of the Citizens’ Savings and Loans Associations "Botna" and "Mereni". The implementation of the given model contributes to adequate decision-making process on granting the credits and minimizing the risk in credit operations.