The renovation and improvement of early sorts of grape
|
StatusThe thesis was presented on the 14 March, 2006Approved by NCAA on the 29 June, 2006 Abstract – 0.22 Mb / in romanian – 0.25 Mb / in russianThesisCZU 634.86.001.76(470.63)
|
Summary
In the Republic of Moldova the varieties of table vine occupy limited areas, whereas the existent by geographical demarcation varieties according to the agro biological and technological indices don’t correspond entirely to market demands. Very early, early and medium-early varieties from the ripening point of view are represented weaker; the varieties cultivated with these terms of maturation are characterized by low quality of grapes and weak resistance to diseases and pests.
Among the seedless varieties only one is homologated in the republic – Moldovan Kishmish. That is why, at present, the necessity to complete and renew the assortment of table vine varieties occurred and, at the same time, realization in practice of production and industrial processing of non-standard fraction of tinned food, wines and raisins.
The objective of this research was the cultivation of varieties of table grapes with early ripening terms of national and abroad selection, planted in 1986.
23 varieties were studied, including 6 seedless ones and 5 used for control.
The experiences were fulfilled on the State Experimental Sector in Cahul in the South zone of Moldova viticulture beginning with 1989 and up till 2003.
The meteorological conditions and the peculiarities of the development phases were studied; the agro biological and technological qualities of the varieties, as well as the processing economical effectiveness were evaluated. The studied varieties were grouped in 4 groups: with a very early term of ripening; early; medium-early; seedless.
The analysis of the obtained results permitted the formulation of the conclusions: under the criterion of agro biological and technological peculiarities the variety “Muscat Jemciujnyi” was highlighted in the first group, which is homologated in all the zones of wine cultivation. In the second group – “Codreanca” and “Drujba”, which are already geographically demarcated. In the third group the variety “Frumoasa Alba” was highlighted, being homologated in the Central and South zones of Moldova viticulture.
With a view to increasing the weight of table vine varieties for utilization in a fresh or dry way, it is recommended to cultivate in Moldova the following varieties: “Siurpriz”, “Kishmish OSHI”, “Bessemeanyi Melnica”.
The non-standard fractions of table vine varieties are recommended to utilize for drying (kishmish and raisins), obtaining grapes in alcohol (chocolates), production of tinned food (jam, marmalade, marinade), juices (homogenized and clear) and wines (table dry wines and with residual sugar).
On the basis of seedless varieties of grapes we recommend the production of produces with an increased content of active biological compounds for children food and curative treatment; the new varieties of vine can be the basis of more pure from the ecological point of view wine-making production.
Oficial Reviewers
- Antonina Derendovschi
doctor habilitat, professor, Agrarian State University of Moldova - Gheorghe Savin
doctor habilitat, associate professor (docent), National Institute for Winegrowing and Winemaking
Theses
