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Agro-ecological foundation of using tank mixtures of herbicides for sugar beet


Author: Nicușor Valeri
Degree:doctor of agriculture
Speciality: 06.01.11 - Plant Protection
Year:2018
Scientific adviser: Nicolae Pamujac
doctor habilitat, professor, Agrarian State University of Moldova
Scientific consultant: Boris Boincean
doctor habilitat, professor, Research Institute of Field Crops "Selectia"
Institution: Agrarian State University of Moldova

Status

The thesis was presented on the 21 September, 2017
Approved by NCAA on the 11 May, 2018

Abstract

Adobe PDF document – 1.33 Mb / in romanian
Adobe PDF document – 1.17 Mb / in russian

Thesis

CZU 633.63:632.954

Adobe PDF document 10.86 Mb / in russian
255 pages

Keywords

sugar beet, weeds, crop rotation, soil tillage, fertilizers, herbicides, tank herbicide mixtures, crop protection

Summary

The thesis comprises an introduction, 5 chapters, conclusions and recommendations, 48 charts and 17 images, 5 annexes, 160 pages of the main text, bibliography from 188 sources, 80 pages of annexes. The results were published in 11 scientific works.

Field of research: crop protection.

The purpose of the research consists in the development of technological elements for cultivation of sugar beet and the evaluation of their influence on the crop’ phytosanitary state through the optimization of the weed control system.

Tasks of the research: study of the influence of soil tillage methods, the crop rotations and fertilizers on the species composition and the amount of weeds: determination of the effectiveness of tank mixtures of herbicides for weed control, evaluation of the water-retention capacity of herbicide-treated sugar beet plants, estimation of the herbicides’ toxic impact on the environment.

Scientific novelty and originality of the research: for the first time in Moldova the complex influence of systems of soil tillage crop rotations and fertilizations on weeds for sugar beet have been studied. The effectiveness of the herbicide tank mixtures for weed control on sugar beet was determined. The decreased water-retention capacity of herbicide treated sugar beet seedlings have been determined together with toxic impact on the environment.

The solved scientific problem consists in the scientific evidence supporting the use of cultivation technology elements targeting the control of weeds and the reduction of their harmfulness to the sugar beet crops, which allowed us to give scientific evidence in support of the crop rotation, soil tillage and soil fertilization, as well as the establishment of tank mixture of herbicides possessing a high effectiveness in combating weed plants and a low toxic impact on the environment, therefore enabling the optimization of the weed control in the plantations of sugar beet.

The theoretical relevance resides in the estimation of the changes concerning the species composition and the number of weeds, under the influence of the basic soil tillage methods crop rotations and the systems of soil fertilization. The material presented within this work contributes essentially to the agro-phytotenology the integrated methods for weed control. The use of herbicide tank mixtures for the Moldavian conditions was theoretically justified.

Practical value of the research: these findings allow us to improve the technology of sugar beet cultivation, regarding higher productivity and optimization of the crops’ phytosanitary state. There are recommended effective herbicide tank mixtures targeting the decrease of the weeds’ strength and harmfulness, having a low toxic impact on the environment.

Implementation of the results. The research results are implemented yearly in the following agricultural enterprises of the Republic of Moldova: Popesteanca Ltd, Andrian-Agro Ltd, Agro-SZM Ltd, IM Sudzucker Moldova JSC on 6000-14000 hectares.