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The development of pedagogic thinking in Basarabia, period 1918-1940


Author: Ioana Axentii
Degree:doctor of pedagogics
Speciality: 13.00.01 - General Pedagogics
Year:2004
Scientific adviser: Viorica Palarie
doctor, associate professor (docent)
Scientific consultant: Anton Moraru
doctor habilitat, professor
Institution:
Scientific council:

Status

The thesis was presented on the 29 October, 2004
Approved by NCAA on the 23 December, 2004

Abstract

Adobe PDF document – 0.27 Mb / in romanian

Keywords

pedagogical thinking, philosophical pedagogy, pedagogy of culture, personality pedagogy, experimental pedagogy, social pedagogy, active school, educational reform, sociology of education, formative education, primary education, normal education, secondary education, European reinstatement

Summary

The written paper of master with the theme The development of pedagogic thinking in Basarabia, period 1918-1940 clears up the evolution of the pedagogic thinking which has; both theoretically and practically, a resonance at present and, in concordance with the concept of the developmend of education in RM, directs not only the instructive-formative activity, but stipulates also the utilization of the spiritual wealth of our precursors. In the written paper there are formulated fundamental appreciations of the development process of the pedagogic thinking and practical proposals for the utilization of the pedagogic experience from the inter-war period.

The author comes to the conclusion that a decisive role in the process of instruction was played by the state politics directed to the organization of the material basis of the schools, preparation and perfecting of the teaching staff; legislation and legislative fundamentals, especially Law for primary-normal education from the 26th of July 1924. The pedagogic thinking in Basarabia developed on the basis of the successes of the European pedagogic school, and those from Romania and Russia, inclusivly. There were spreaded the works of the great educators I.A.Comenius, J.Locke, J.J.Rousseau, I.H.Pestalozzi, I.Fr.Herbart, C.D.Usinski, Gh.Lazar, Gh.Asachi, Sp.Haret, etc.

In the respective period, in Basarabia the pedagogic ideas of the Active School (new school) were widely spread, whose exponents were: G.G.Antonescu, St.Birsanescu, O.Ghibu, C.Narly, Ap.D.Culea, St.Ciobanu, P.Halippa, N.Dragomir, Gr.A.Tabacaru, V.Ciubotaru, D.Barbu, I.N.Chicu, N.Olaru, I.Macovei, Iu.Fratiman, T.Hotnog, A.Gurie, A.Mateevici, Gh.Stanescu, N.Popovschii etc. The elaborated pedagogic thinking knew more orientations: philosophical pedagogy, experimental and psychological pedagogy, social pedagogy; it could be noted the influence in education of many trends and new systems as: active school trend, labour school, absolute liberty school, character education and moral education, instructive regionalism and localism, democracy in education, method of interest centres, etc. A primordial role in the outlining, implementation and utilization of the didactic technologies in the primary school was played by the department principals, school revisors and inspectors who worked in that period: G.Druta, I.Mihai, Al.Chirita, I.Aluneanu, A.Necule, D.Faur, N.Ciomaga, I.Novac, R.Cornateanu, D.Radu, I.Iacob, V.Neaga, D.Faur, etc.

In the master paper it is noted the fact that the elaborated pedagogic ideas contributed to the modernization of the educational process. There were turned to the best account new methods and means of organization of the teaching process – teaching and evaluation of the pupils’ knowledge; the diference between rural and town primary school was liquidated; the obligatory education of 7 years was introduced. The Creation of Cultural Associations of educators, of pedagogic magazines and newspapers in every county made possible a new orientation of theachers in the school problems by changing the old methods of teaching and the discovery of the most creative technologies directed to obtain efficiency in education, formation of characters and preparation of pupils for life.